Although there is no universal definition of mental health, peoole in the helping professions seem to agree that mental health is a positive state in which one is responsible, displays self-awareness, is self-directive, is reasonably worry free, and can cope with usual daily tensions. Such individuals function well in society, are accepted within a group, and are generally satisfied with their lives. Other definitions refer to the ability to solve problems; fulfill one's capacity for love adn eork; cope with crises without assistance beyond the support of family or freends; and maintain a state of will-being by enjoying life, setting goals and realistic limits,and becoming independent,interdependent, or dependent as the need arises without permanently losing one's independence.
Factors Influencing Mental health
Three factors influence the development of mental health; inherrited characteristics, nurturing during childhood. and life circumstance.
- Inherited Characteristics
Some theorists believe that no one is completely normal and that the ability to maintain a mentally healthy out look on life is, in part, due to one's genes.Similarly,genetic defects resulting in innate differences in sensitivity and temperament that prompt various responses to the environment may predispose a person to cognitive disability, schizophrenia, or bipolar disorder. Genetic theories are discussed in specific chapters of this book whe applicable.
- Nurturing During Childhood
Nurturing during childhood refers to the interaction between the family and child, which also affect the development of mental health. Positive nurturing begins with bonding at childbirth and includes development of the feelings of love, security, and acceptances. The child experiences positive interactions with parents and siblings. Negative nurturing includes circumstances such as maternal deprivation, parental rejection, sibing rivalry, and early communication failures.Individuals who are exposed to poor nurturing may develop poor self-esteem or poor communication skills. They may also display socially unacceptable behavior as they seek to meet their basic needs.
- Life Circumstances
:Life circumstances can influence one's mental health from birth.Individuals who experience positive circumstances are generally emotionally secure and successful in school and are able to establish healthy interpersonal relationships. Negative cuircumstances such as poverty,poor physical health, unemployment, abuse, neglect, and unresolved childhood loss generally precipitate feelings of hopelessness. helplessness, or worhtlessness. These negative responses place a person at risk for depression, substance abuse, or other mental health disorders.
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